Cord blood banking involves collecting stem cells from the umbilical cord and placenta immediately after birth. By 2026, the utility of these "privileged" cells has expanded from treating traditional blood disorders to being a cornerstone of regenerative medicine.

• Public vs. Private Banking: Public banks function as national registries for anyone in need, while private banks (family banking) store samples exclusively for the donor’s family for a fee.

• Stem Cell Versatility: Cord blood predominantly contains Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) used for leukemia and anemia, while cord tissue provides Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), currently being researched for spinal cord injuries and heart disease.

• Clinical Advantages: These cells are "biologically young," meaning they have a lower risk of transmitting latent viruses and a significantly reduced rate of Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) compared to adult bone marrow.

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